Research Prospects in Natural Sciences (RPNS)

Methanolic Extracts of Grapefruit (Citrus paradesi) Peel, Pulp and Seed and their Antioxidant Activity

2024-04-12T06:24:57+00:00

Fresh grapefruits (Citrus paradesi) were collected from the vegetable market of Lahore Division, Punjab Pakistan. Their peel, pulp, and seed were subjected to drying and grinding which was followed by extraction with methanol. These methanolic extracts were further investigated to check their antioxidant activities by using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH). The antioxidant activities showed that the grapefruit peel methanolic extract with concentrations of 25µL, 50µL, 75µL, and 100µL has DPPH inhibition 73.6%, 76.4%, 78.8%, and 82.7% respectively. While the grapefruit pulp methanolic extract having concentrations 25µL, 50µL, 75µL, and 100µL has DPPH inhibition 60.3%, 67.3%, 73.6%, and 78.9% respectively and the grapefruit seed methanolic extract with concentrations 25µL, 50µL, 75µL, and 100µL has DPPH inhibition59.1%, 65.7%, 71.5%, and 75.9% respectively. The results of these extracts were concentration-dependent.

Antioxidant activity of Methanolic Extracts of Sweet Lime (Citrus lemitta) Peel, Pulp, and Seed by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl free radical.

2024-04-14T09:57:14+00:00

Abstract:

Sweet lime (Citrus lemitta) fruits were collected from a local market in Lahore Pakistan, their peels, pulp, and seed were separated manually and dried under shade for 20 days. After drying, their extracts were prepared separately by immersing each component in methanol at a ratio of 1:5 (w/v) for 14 days at ambient conditions. The antioxidant activity of each extract was evaluated by using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl radical. Butylated hydroxyl toluene was used as a standard, and the percentage inhibition was determined for each extract. The results indicate that peel methanolic extract with concentrations of 25µL, 50µL, 75µL and 100µL has DPPH inhibition of 70%, 74.3%, 79.1%, and 81.2% respectively. Pulp methanolic extract with concentrations of 25µL, 50µL, 75µL and 100µL have DPPH inhibition 65.3%, 69.7%, 74.1%, and 77.1% respectively. Seed methanolic extract with the same concentration has DPPH inhibition 46.2%, 49.7%, 54.6%, and 58.9%respectively. The antioxidant activity of all the extracts was concentration-dependent.

Extraction and application of eco-friendly ratio natural Dye from Jamun on different fibers by using ratio Combination of Mordents.

2024-12-24T05:42:33+00:00

This paper reports to studies available on the characterization of the colorant extracted from the Jamun Bark dyeing on different fibers have been studies using different combination ratio 1:1, 2:1 of various mordant such as FeSO4oxalic acid, SnCl2, alum. It is found that Jamun Bark dye can be successfully used for the dyeing of Jute to obtain wide range of colours by using various combination of mordents. Development of new shade and analysis of colour parameter for textile dyes with Jamun Bark natural dyes with regard to colour fasteners properties. The test samples exhibit good to excellent.