Bakhtinian Carnivalesque in Victor Hugo's The Hunchback of Notre-Dame
Keywords:
Bakhtin, Carnivalesque, Victor Hugo, The Hunchback of Notre-DameAbstract
This research is pursued in the light of Bakhtinian carnivalesque paradigm on Victor Hugo’s The Hunchback of Notre-Dame. The ultimate goal of this study is to point out carnivalistic elements found in the text and carnivalization of literature. This study shows that carnival spirit has questioned the authorial pretentions and instigated the subversion of socio-political hierarchies graphed by preferred order. Stability of official order is temporarily discouraged by dint of carnival spirit to encourage the commoners. Bakhtinian carnivalesque, in the text, proves to be a silent protest against the recognized cult for the autonomy of the commoners. It liberates the participants from official restraints and exposes the existing play in the institutionalized pattern to challenge its authority. The major shades of Bakhtinian carnivalesque carnival type laughter, role reversal, market-place language and grotesque realism set free the commoners, in the text, from official seriousness. Hugo’s text proves to be the sanctuary for the indelible carnival spirit.
Key Words: carnivalesque, subversion, laughter, grotesque realism, Victor Hugo, Bakhtin
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